Dr Anastasia Therianou

Who Removes Skin Tags? Dermatologist, GP or Salon

DIGI-MED — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 08:16:06 +0000

Dermatologists are the only healthcare professionals that are trained to check the skin and this is of huge importance as several different type of lesions, benign or malignant, can look similar.

What are skin tags?

Skin tags are small, soft growths that hang from the skin. They are very common and usually harmless. Most are skin-coloured or slightly darker, and they range from about 2 mm to several centimetres across.

They tend to appear where skin rubs against skin or clothing: the neck, armpits, eyelids, groin and under the breasts. The exact cause is not always clear. Friction plays a part, and they are more common in people with skin folds or excess weight, with type 2 diabetes, or during pregnancy.

Skin tags cannot be prevented, and they do not need treatment unless they catch on clothing or jewellery, become irritated, or simply bother you.

Who can remove a skin tag?

Three types of provider commonly offer skin tag removal in the UK. The main difference between them is whether the growth is properly diagnosed first.

Provider	Can they diagnose the growth?	Funding
Dermatologist	Yes. A medical specialist in skin conditions, who can examine the growth closely, including with a dermatoscope	Cosmetic removal is usually private
GP	Can assess whether it looks like a skin tag and refer you if there is any concern	Cosmetic removal is not available on the NHS
Beauty salon or other non-medical provider	Not usually. Diagnosing skin growths is a medical skill	Private

Whoever you choose, the first question is the same: who checks that this really is a skin tag?

Seeing a dermatologist for skin tag removal

A dermatologist is a doctor who specialises in conditions of the skin, hair and nails. The appointment starts with a diagnosis: the growth is examined, often with a dermatoscope, a handheld magnifier that shows the structure of the skin.

This step matters because a few growths that look like skin tags are something else (see below). Knowing what you are dealing with comes before any decision about removal.

If the growth is a skin tag and you want it removed, the dermatologist can explain the options that suit its size and position. Tags on the eyelids or in skin folds call for particular care. If there is any doubt about a growth, it can be sent to a laboratory for examination after removal.

Can a GP remove a skin tag?

On the NHS, skin tag removal is considered cosmetic and is not usually offered. A GP will not normally remove a skin tag only because you dislike how it looks.

A GP appointment is still worthwhile if a skin tag grows larger, becomes painful, bleeds, or if many more start to appear. The GP can check what it is, advise on next steps and, where appropriate, refer you to a dermatologist.

Some private GP clinics offer minor procedures. If you go that route, ask what they offer, who carries out the removal and what happens if the growth does not look like a typical skin tag.

What about beauty salons?

Some salons, aesthetic clinics and mobile practitioners advertise skin tag removal. Training and standards vary widely between providers.

The main difference from a medical appointment is the diagnosis. Telling a skin tag from another growth is a clinical judgement, and beauty therapists are not generally trained to make it.

Before booking with any non-medical provider, ask:

Who will examine the growth, and what are their medical qualifications?
Which method will be used, and what are its risks?
Is the provider insured and registered with a recognised professional body?
What aftercare is included, and who do I contact if there is a problem?
What happens if the growth does not look like a typical skin tag?

If a provider cannot answer these clearly, choose another.

When a “skin tag” may be something else

Several other growths can look like skin tags. They include moles, warts, seborrhoeic keratoses (harmless, waxy-looking growths) and, in rare cases, skin cancers.

Get the growth examined before any removal if it:

changes in size, shape or colour
is dark, or has more than one colour
bleeds without injury, crusts or does not heal
feels firm, or is growing quickly
looks different from your other skin tags
is itchy or painful

A typical skin tag is soft, skin-coloured or slightly darker, and attached by a narrow stalk. Only an examination can confirm it. If you are unsure about a mole or another growth, read about mole assessment with a dermatologist.

How skin tags are removed

Method	How it works	Often used for
Freezing (cryotherapy)	Liquid nitrogen freezes the tag, which falls off over the following days	Smaller tags. Sometimes needs repeating
Cutting (excision)	The tag is cut off with a scalpel or scissors, usually after local anaesthetic	Larger tags and sensitive areas
Heat (cautery)	Heat is used to burn the tag away	Small tags
Tying off (ligation)	A thread or suture cuts off the blood supply and the tag falls away	Larger tags. Less common

Healing

Mild redness or discomfort is common. Most sites heal within a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the method and the person. Keep the area clean and dry, and follow the aftercare you are given.

Risks

Bleeding (more likely with cutting), infection and scarring. The skin can also become darker or lighter where the tag was. This is more noticeable on darker skin and is sometimes permanent.

Removal rarely leads to the same tag growing back, although new ones can form elsewhere.

Removing a skin tag at home, and how to choose

The NHS advises against removing a skin tag yourself unless a GP has recommended it, because of the risk of infection, bleeding and scarring. Cutting, tying with thread or using over-the-counter products carries the same risks, and none of them tells you whether the growth really is a skin tag.

To choose a provider:

1. Start with the diagnosis. Make sure someone qualified to identify skin growths looks at it first.

2. Match the provider to your situation. If a growth has changed, or you are unsure what it is, see a dermatologist, or a GP first. If it is painful or bleeding, start with your GP.

3. Ask about the method and the risks. A good provider explains both before you agree.

4. Check the aftercare and costs in advance. You should know who to contact if something does not heal as expected.

Skin tag assessment and removal at London Super Skin Clinic, Harley Street

Dr Anastasia Therianou is a consultant dermatologist at London Super Skin Clinic, 134 Harley Street, Marylebone. Every appointment starts with an assessment, so you know what the growth is before deciding on removal. If removal is suitable, the options are explained, including what to expect afterwards.

Skin tags are removed in clinic once the diagnosis has been confirmed. Depending on the size, number and position of the skin tags, your dermatologist may use freezing, cutting under local anaesthetic, or heat. If there is any doubt about a growth, the removed tissue can be sent to a laboratory for examination. You will be given aftercare advice, and the clinic can answer any questions about healing.

Read more about skin tag removal in London, see the treatment fees, or contact the clinic to book an appointment. You can also call +44 (0) 203 468 4884.

Frequently asked questions

Does the NHS remove skin tags?

Hormonal Acne: Causes, Treatment, Long-term Management

DIGI-MED — Tue, 16 Jun 2026 13:57:56 +0000

What is acne?

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions that can affect both looks and confidence. It’s not merely an aesthetic issue, as studies have shown it directly correlates with one’s mental health in the long term.

According to the NHS, up to 95% of people aged 11 to 30 are affected by acne to some extent. While acne is often seen as something ‘you grow out of’, about 3% of adults have acne over the age of 35.

Acne, officially acne vulgaris, is caused by the P. acnes bacteria in the skin. It’s a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by blockages of the pores. Acne can occur on the face, chest or back. While not all acne is hormonal, hormones play a major role.

What is hormonal acne?

Hormonal acne is triggered by fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly androgens, which cause an overproduction of oil (sebum), resulting in pore blockages, inflammation and breakouts.

It’s most commonly seen in puberty but can occur at any age, such as during menstruation, pregnancy or menopause, or for people who have certain conditions, such as polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS, formerly PCOS), which affects hormones and can cause irregular periods.

It’s important to understand that even if your hormonal blood tests are coming back normal, you can still get hormonal acne. This is due to the sebaceous unit’s sensitivity to hormones, resulting in pimples.

What does hormonal acne look like?

Most commonly, hormonal acne presents as pimples, spots, or even deep, painful cysts on the lower face, the chin or jawline. These might be tender and resist healing. They may also show little response to standard over-the-counter solutions.

What causes hormonal acne?

Hormonal acne is directly affected and influenced by the body’s delicate hormone balance, especially androgens. These signal the sebaceous glands to produce extra oil (sebum).

At the same time, the inflammation around the sebaceous gland blocks the pores. This can result in blackheads and whiteheads forming.

Several hormones influence this:

Testosterone and DHT (dihydrotestosterone)
Estrogen fluctuations
Progesterone changes
Stress-related cortisol increases

Treatment for hormonal acne

To treat both normal and hormonal acne, a combination of medical interventions, topical treatments and lifestyle changes may be required. At present, there is no cure for acne, but the condition can be managed successfully. To see results, follow the recommended treatment plan for a minimum of 12 weeks.

Always consult a medical professional to reach the ideal treatment plan for you. Acne is a complicated condition, and a treatment is never a one-size-fits-all.

The medical treatments we use in our clinic include:

Spironolactone: Spironolactone is a diuretic; however, it also blocks androgens. Women with acne usually have higher levels of androgens. While spironolactone is not licensed to treat acne, it’s been shown to be effective, and Dr Anastasia Therianou has been a principal investigator in the biggest national study, the SAFA study, which proved its efficacy. Doctors prescribe it for hormonal acne when suitable, in several countries.

Oral contraceptives: Combined contraceptive pills that contain cyproterone acetate may be helpful for hormonal imbalances or conditions such as PMOS (formerly PCOS).

Oral antibiotics: Usually erythromycin or a type of tetracycline such as lymecycline or doxycycline, it can be prescribed for about 12 weeks.

Isotretinoin: The pure form of Vitamin A. Isotretinoin may only be taken under the direct supervision of a medical professional. The government’s medicine safety agency (MHRA), has strict rules for the prescription of this medicine. Isotretinoin can harm an unborn child and people who are able to get pregnant must enrol in a pregnancy prevention programme (PPP).

Topical

Clascoterone: Sold as Winlevi. This FDA-approved, topical antiandrogen medication is one of the most important recent advances in the treatment of acne. Apart from blocking androgen hormones directly in the skin, it reduces oil production, inflammation and it can be combined with both retinoids and benzoyl peroxide. It can be used twice daily for hormonal acne in both women and men.

Benzoyl peroxide: A topical antimicrobial that is mildly comedolytic, meaning it breaks down existing comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) and prevents the formation of new ones. This is typically the first recommendation in the treatment of mild to moderate acne.

Retinoids: Such as tretinoin or adapalene. Vitamin A has been shown to target acne-causing bacteria. Retinoids are a safe and efficacious treatment of acne vulgaris.

- Trifarotene: Sold as Aklief. This newer, fourth-generation retinoid has been approved for face and body acne (back and chest). It helps to unclog pores and prevent new acne lesions, and it’s often less irritating than other retinoids for certain patients.
Topical antibiotics: Such as erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, minocycline and dapsone. These treat acne through antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
Salicylic acid: A betahydroxy acid (BHA) that targets the sebum in the pores. Chemical peels with salicylic acid can be performed in-clinic, depending on the severity of your acne.

TREATMENT	TYPE	BEST FOR	RESULTS
Spironolactone	Oral	Adult women with hormonal acne	3–6 months
Combined pill	Oral	PCOS, hormonal imbalance	3-6 months
Isotretinoin	Oral	Severe or resistant acne	4-6 months
Clascoterone	Topical	Mild to moderate acne	12 weeks
Benzoyl peroxide	Topical	Mild to moderate acne	12 weeks
Retinoids	Topical	Moderate acne, maintenance	12 weeks
Salicylic acid	Topical	Oily skin, blackheads	4-8 weeks

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if my acne is hormonal?

Useful information about PRP for Hair Loss

DIGI-MED — Thu, 11 Jun 2026 09:36:52 +0000

PRP, also known as platelet rich plasma therapy, is one of the many treatment options for those who have hair loss. While this might be a beneficial treatment plan, it is not suitable for every type of hair loss and is best seen on a case-to-case basis. Individuals who have hair thinning, are usually the ideal candidates but not always.

In PRP, the patient’s own platelet cells from their blood are used to stimulate hair growth. PRP is produced by the patient’s own platelet cells extracted from their blood.

Platelets are a part of our blood cells which have various growth factors and proteins which accelerate healing.

These growth factors have the potential to stimulate tissue regeneration and hair growth.

During the appointment, a small sample of blood, less than 20ml is taken from the patient. The blood sample is placed in a centrifuge and the PRP is extracted.

PRP is then injected into the areas that have hair loss with a very small needle.

PRP can be combined with other treatments which also help with hair growth. Overall, patients will find an increase in hair counts, thickness, root strength, and a decrease in alopecia.

Usually, there is no limitations to return to your activities after PRP treatment.

Who might be a good candidate for having PRP treatment?

Individuals with male or female baldness who do not wish to have treatment with topical minoxidil or many other oral medications.
Patients with hair thinning who had to stop minoxidil or other oral medication due to side effects.
Patients already on an effective treatment, whom would like to try to achieve an even better result.
Patients that have already tried Low laser light treatment (LLLT). Women whom are trying to conceive.

How many sessions are needed?

We recommend treatments every 2-3 months, so 4-5 times a year.

Are there any risks?

It is generally a well-tolerated treatment. Mild pain at the sides of the injections is not uncommon. Also, mild swelling or numbness on the scalp might occur. A very rare side effect can be getting an infection and we minimize this risk by using a sterile technique.

How long does each session last?

It takes around 30-45 minutes and sessions are being performed by our great qualified nurse.

After 4-6 sessions, we evaluate and repeat every 4 months if appropriate for maintenance.

What is the cost for PRP?

The cost is 450 pounds per session.

Alternatively, we can offer a discount for a pre-payment for a set of 3 sessions, with the full amount of 1200 pounds.

Further Information

If you would like to discuss this treatment option further, or you want to see what other alternative treatments are available, you can contact Dr. Anastasia’s dermatology clinic:

info@drtherianou.com

134 Harley St, Marylebone, London, W1G 7JY

+44 (0) 2034684884

+44 (0) 2038695134

The post Useful information about PRP for Hair Loss appeared first on Dr Anastasia Therianou.

Mesotherapy with Dutasteride

DIGI-MED — Fri, 17 Apr 2026 09:13:19 +0000

Dutasteride injections are a new off-label treatment for female and male patients with androgenic alopecia (female pattern hair loss). This treatment is recommended only when approved treatment for male or female baldness was not effective or was discontinued due to side effects. The injections are applied locally to the scalp. These injections contain the drug dutasteride, which is an antiandrogen drug (5a- reductase inhibitor), such as finasteride, that allows the hair to thicken. This medication is approved for benign prostatic hyperplasia in the UK.

WHAT IS THE PROCEDURE?

The dutasteride injections are also known as mesotherapy with dutasteride and it consists of microinjections. The drug is directly injected into the scalp so that it can penetrate the skin. Then it arrives the hair follicle, blocks the androgen hormones that make the hair thinner and shorter. As a result, the hair becomes thicker and stronger. The procedure can be performed with topical or local anaesthesia which makes it relatively painless.

The entire procedure takes about 20 minutes and there is no pre- or post-treatment required. It doesn’t leave any visible marks and the patient can return to their normal activities immediately.

SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE OF THE PROCEDURE

There are various international scientific publications that support the effectiveness of this therapy. In some cases, treatment with dutasteride is overall more effective and requires fewer sessions in comparison to traditional platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) therapy. However, this remains an off-label treatment for female and male baldness and more research is required in the future to assess the efficacy.

CAN IT BE COMBINED WITH OTHER TREATMENTS?

This treatment can be done on its own, or it can be combined with oral & topical treatments (up to your doctor’s discretion).

HOW LONG IS IT NECESSARY TO DO THE SESSIONS?

These injections need to be typically performed every 2-6 months; however, it does depend on the amount of hair loss you experience. Your doctor will tell you the guideline advised in your particular case. A typical case of dutasteride injections is as follows:

Session	Treatment Day
1st session	Day 1
2nd session	2nd month
3rd Session	4th Month
4th Session	6th Month
5th Session	10th month
6th Session	14th month

After 4-6 sessions, we evaluate and repeat every 4 months if appropriate for maintenance.

DOES THIS THERAPY HAVE SIDE EFFECTS?

It is known that the use of oral dutasteride might have some side effects. Possible side effects that have been reported are depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, mood changes, breast enlargement, weight gain and others.

Microinjections can cause minor discomfort – the chance of this is lessened with the application of topical or local anaesthesia prior to the injection. The treated area may be sensitive for a few days following treatment; however, the pain is minimal and does not require pain medication. The injection only affects the area treated and does not seem to cause any systemic side effects, but again more studies are needed to establish this.

CAUTIONS

We know that women on oral dutasteride should avoid regnancy during treatment and 6 months after stopping it, as the baby may be born with deformed sex organs. It seems that injections of dutasteride do not get absorbed into the body, but as there is still not much evidence, it is better to be more cautious, so I advise women on treatment with the dutasteride injections to avoid pregnancy during treatment and 6 months after discontinuation.

We do not know if dutasteride alters the fertility of men. We do know though that oral dutasteride can be eliminated through semen, but there are no large studies to show if intralesional injections of dutasteride can be eliminated through the same route. A small study has shown that dutasteride was not absorbed in patients’ blood receiving the treatment, however more studies are required. As a conclusion, it is important that men having this treatment use contraceptive methods during sexual intercourse.

WHAT IS THE COST FOR THIS TREATMENT?

The cost is £280 per session.

Get in touch with us today, to discuss your treatment options.

info@drtherianou.com

134 Harley St, Marylebone, London, W1G 7JY

+44 (0) 2034684884

+44 (0) 2038695134

References

Herz-Ruelas M, E, Álvarez-Villalobos N, A, Millán-Alanís J, M, León-Gutiérrez H, Ocampo-Garza S, S, Gómez-Flores M, Grimalt R: Efficacy of Intralesional and Oral Dutasteride in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review. Skin Appendage Disord 2020;6:338-345. doi: 10.1159/000510697

Saceda-Corralo D, Rodrigues-Barata AR, Vañó-Galván S, Jaén-Olasolo P. Mesotherapy with Dutasteride in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia. Int J Trichology. 2017 Jul-Sep;9(3):143-145. doi: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_73_16. PMID: 28932074; PMCID: PMC5596657.

Moftah N, Moftah N, Abd-Elaziz G, Ahmed N, Hamed Y, Ghannam B, Ibrahim M. Mesotherapy using dutasteride-containing preparation in treatment of female pattern hair loss: photographic, morphometric and ultrustructural evaluation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Jun;27(6):686-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04535.x. Epub 2012 Apr 6. PMID: 22486925.

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Bicalutamide for Female Hair Loss: Side Effects, Dosage, and 2025 Research Updates

drmacli — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 20:15:37 +0000

What is Bicalutamide?

Bicalutamide is an oral, anti-androgen medication that works by blocking the effects of testosterone. Specifically, it’s a selective androgen receptor antagonist (AR).

It’s most commonly found under the brand name Casodex by AstraZeneca.

It’s often used in the treatment of prostate cancer in men, but its positive results in female pattern hair loss, have been noted in a few studies.

A 2025 study, found that bicalutamide reduced hair shedding and facial hypertrichosis, in comparison to groups on other medications, such as spironolactone, or minoxidil.

Bicalutamide was initially used as a hair loss treatment in 2020, and although more studies need to be done, the results are promising.

The dosage can range from 12. We www to 50mg, three to seven days per week. Bicalutamide can also be delivered as mesotherapy—multiple tiny injections on the scalp—but further trials are required.

There may be side effects like increase in blood work in relation to liver function.

What types of hair loss can bicalutamide treat?

Bicalutamide can is ideal for women experiencing genetic hair loss:

Androgenetic alopecia (Female pattern hair loss)

Hirsutism

Mild to moderate hair loss

What are the bicalutamide contraindications?

Liver issues, including hepatitis

Blood clotting history

Diabetes

Pregnant or breastfeeding women

Women trying to conceive (you should stop the medication 4.5 months earlier)

What are the possible bicalutamide side effects?

Transaminitis

Peripheral edema

GI complaints, nausea

Hot flashes

Dizziness

Breast pain

Changes in mood

Hepatotoxicity

As hair loss is a complex condition, and the long term effects of oral bicalutamide haven’t been sufficiently studied, a more holistic approach, with a combination of various treatments, may be required. When you are under bicalutamide medication, regular bloodwork is essential.

Get in touch with us today, to discuss your treatment options.

info@drtherianou.com

134 Harley St, Marylebone, London, W1G 7JY

+44 (0) 2034684884

+44 (0) 2038695134

The post Bicalutamide for Female Hair Loss: Side Effects, Dosage, and 2025 Research Updates appeared first on Dr Anastasia Therianou.

Regenera Activa® Stem Cell Hair Treatment: Natural Solution for Hair Loss

drmacli — Wed, 25 Jun 2025 20:53:49 +0000

Regenera Activa Explained: How It Stimulates Hair Growth Naturally

Regenera Activa® is an advanced, non-surgical hair restoration treatment designed to stimulate hair growth using your body’s own regenerative capabilities. This innovative therapy involves harvesting micro-grafts from your scalp and re-injecting them into areas affected by hair thinning or hair loss. These micro-grafts are rich in stem cells, growth factors, and progenitor cells which work together to revitalize and reactivate dormant hair follicles, supporting natural hair regrowth without surgery or synthetic chemicals.

What Hair Loss Conditions Does Regenera Activa Treat?

Regenera Activa® is ideal for men and women experiencing early to moderate hair thinning or androgenetic alopecia (male and female pattern baldness). This stem cell-based therapy is especially effective in treating areas where hair follicles are still active but weakened. It’s a suitable option for patients looking for a natural, minimally invasive hair restoration solution.

Conditions commonly treated include:

Androgenetic alopecia (male/female pattern hair loss)

Early stages of hair thinning

Mild to moderate hair loss

Patients seeking natural, regenerative solutions

How Does the Regenera Activa Procedure Work?

The Regenera Activa® procedure is a simple, in-clinic treatment that typically lasts less than one hour. It uses your own regenerative cells to reactivate hair follicles and promote natural hair growth. Here’s how the treatment works step by step:

Scalp Evaluation

Your specialist will thoroughly examine your scalp and hair loss pattern to determine suitability for the treatment.

Sample Collection

A small section of your scalp (usually from the back of the head- unaffected areas) is numbed and 3–4 small punch biopsies are taken under local anaesthetic.

Cell Processing

The biopsies are mechanically processed using the Regenera Activa® device to extract regenerative cells.

Injection

The regenerative solution is injected into the thinning areas of your scalp to stimulate weakened hair follicles and support new growth.

Benefits of Regenera Activa Hair Restoration Treatment

Regenera Activa® stands out as a highly effective and natural hair loss solution for both men and women. It combines advanced medical technology with your body’s own healing power, offering multiple benefits compared to traditional hair loss treatments or surgery.

Key Advantages of Regenera Activa®:

Uses your body’s own cells (no foreign substances)
Minimally invasive
No downtime
Natural-looking results
One-time session (in most cases)
Can be combined with other treatments (finasteride, PRP, minoxidil, etc.)

What to Expect After Regenera Activa Treatment?

One of the key advantages of Regenera Activa® is its simplicity and minimal recovery time. Most patients experience little to no discomfort after the procedure and can resume normal daily activities immediately.

After-Treatment Expectations

How Many Regenera Activa Sessions Are Needed?

One of the most appealing features of Regenera Activa® is that only one session is usually needed to achieve noticeable results. The treatment is designed to deliver long-lasting stimulation to your hair follicles after just a single application.However, depending on the severity of hair loss, a follow-up session after 12–18 months may be recommended.

Who Is a Good Candidate for Regenera Activa?

Regenera Activa® is an excellent option for individuals looking for a natural, non-surgical solution to early-stage hair loss. It’s especially effective when hair follicles are still present but have become weak or inactive.

You may be a suitable candidate if you:

Contraindications (Not Suitable For):

Advanced baldness with no active follicles
Scalp infections or conditions
Bleeding disorders or on anticoagulants
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Severe chronic illnesses (e.g., autoimmune disorders, active cancer)

Possible Side Effects

Regenera Activa® is generally well tolerated. However, potential side effects may include:

All the above are very mild.

Aftercare Instructions Following Regenera Activa Treatment

To ensure optimal results and support the healing process, it’s important to follow a few simple aftercare guidelines following your Regenera Activa® session. These instructions help maximize the effectiveness of the regenerative cells and prevent irritation or complications.

The post Regenera Activa® Stem Cell Hair Treatment: Natural Solution for Hair Loss appeared first on Dr Anastasia Therianou.

Exosome Therapy for Hair Loss: A Revolutionary Treatment

drmacli — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 12:42:55 +0000

Exosomes are some very small extracellular vesicles, typically ranging in size from 30 to 150 nanometres, naturally secreted by our body cells. They play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, carrying bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, RNA, and signalling compounds. By transferring these molecules, exosomes influence the behaviour and health of neighbouring cells, promoting regeneration and repair.

Why are exosomes gaining attention in hair loss treatment?

Over the past few years, exosomes have become a significant focus in regenerative medicine, including the treatment of various types of hair loss such as androgenetic alopecia (male boldness or female pattern hair loss). Their appeal lies in their unique ability to deliver therapeutic signals directly to hair follicles, encouraging regeneration, tissue repair, and the reactivation of dormant follicles, so overall the boost the hair regrowth.

How do exosomes help with hair restoration?

Here are key ways exosomes support hair restoration:

Stimulating Hair Follicle Regeneration

Exosomes, particularly those derived from stem cells (like adipose or bone marrow-derived stem cells) contain high concentrations of growth factors. These promote the transition of hair follicles from the resting (telogen) phase into the active growth (anagen) phase, fostering new hair growth and strengthening existing hair.

Anti-Inflammatory Benefits

Hair loss conditions often involve chronic inflammation. Exosomes may have anti-inflammatory properties, helping reduce inflammation in the scalp and creating a healthier environment for hair growth.

Enhancing Cellular Repair and Growth

Exosomes carry signalling molecules that promote cellular repair and the growth of new cells. When applied to the scalp, they help restore and strengthen hair follicles, improving their function and overall scalp health.

Mimicking Stem Cell Therapy

Since exosomes originate from stem cells, they mimic the regenerative capabilities of stem cell therapy. They encourage tissue rejuvenation and promote thicker, healthier hair growth. Exosomes provide the key instructions for tissue repair without the need to introduce live cells into the body, making the procedure both safe and efficient.

A Minimally Invasive, Non-Surgical Solution

Exosome therapy is usually performed through simple, non-surgical scalp injections. Unlike hair transplants, it does not involve downtime, sutures, or significant recovery, offering an attractive alternative for individuals seeking effective, non-invasive hair restoration.

Exosome Therapy vs PRP Therapy: What’s the Difference?

Many patients ask whether PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) or Exosome Therapy is better for hair loss. While PRP uses a patient’s own blood platelets to stimulate hair growth, exosomes offer a higher concentration of regenerative factors and can produce more consistent results. In some cases, combining the two therapies can lead to enhanced outcomes.

Who is an Ideal Candidate for Exosome Hair Therapy?

Exosome therapy may be ideal if you:

suffer from early-stage or moderate hair thinning.
experience androgenetic alopecia (male or female pattern hair loss).
are looking for a non-surgical alternative to hair transplantation.
wish to address scalp inflammation contributing to hair loss.
seek a natural, regenerative solution for hair rejuvenation.

If your hair follicles are completely inactive or if significant scarring has occurred, other treatments might be more appropriate, which is why a consultation with a dermatologist is crucial.

What to Expect During and After Exosome Treatment?

The procedure typically involves:

Results Timeline:

Initial improvements in scalp health can be observed within weeks, with visible hair regrowth typically beginning around three to six months after treatment. Full results may take up to 12 months to develop.

Is Exosome Therapy Safe and Proven?

Exosome therapy is a cutting-edge innovation with growing evidence supporting its potential. However, it is still considered a relatively new treatment. More clinical research is needed to fully confirm its safety, effectiveness and best practices. While clinical studies and patient experiences are very encouraging, long-term outcomes are still being studied.

At Dr Therianou Dermatology in London, we exclusively use plant-derived exosomes, which eliminate the potential risks associated with human-derived or animal-derived products. This ensures the highest level of safety and purity for our patients.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How soon will I see results from exosome hair therapy?

You may notice scalp improvements within a few weeks, but hair regrowth typically becomes visible between three to six months post-treatment.

Is exosome therapy better than PRP for hair loss?

Exosomes generally offer a higher concentration of growth factors and regenerative molecules than PRP, leading to potentially faster and more robust results.

Can women benefit from exosome therapy?

Absolutely. Many women with female pattern hair loss, postpartum shedding, or stress-related thinning see significant improvements after exosome treatments.

Is exosome hair therapy permanent?

While results can be long-lasting, maintenance sessions may be recommended depending on the underlying cause of hair loss.

How Much Does Exosome Therapy for Hair Loss Cost in London?

Exosome hair therapy is a premium, regenerative solution. Costs can vary depending on the number of sessions needed and the severity of hair loss. During your consultation at our clinic, we will provide a personalised treatment plan and discuss all associated costs upfront.

EXOSOME TREATMENT FEES

Treatments

Description

Price

Full Price

£350

From 1050

£1,000

From 1750

£1,575

From 2450

£2,100

* We occasionally offer special discounts on these treatments—feel free to ask our administrative team for current offers!

Should I consider exosome therapy for hair loss?

If you’re experiencing hair loss, it’s best to consult a consultant dermatologist. They can help determine whether exosome therapy is appropriate for your specific condition and discuss all available options. We are proud for the reputation we have built as a clinic over the years in hair loss, and we have been pioneers in many hair loss treatments.

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Ritlecitinib (Litfulo): A New Hope for Severe Alopecia Areata Patients

drmacli — Mon, 23 Dec 2024 10:35:52 +0000

If you suffer from Alopecia Areata, you are not alone. It is estimated that this hair loss condition impacts one in 1,000 people in the UK alone and over seven million sufferers in the US. Until recently, baricitinib was the only approved medication for the condition, but it was deemed unsuitable to administer to adolescents. However, a recent decision by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has made ritlecitinib (Litfulo), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, the second ever approved and legally available treatment for severe Alopecia Areata in patients aged 12 and over.

Clinical trials for ritlecitinib showed that nearly 25% of adults and adolescents saw significant hair regrowth, covering 80% or more of their scalp within 24 weeks. After nearly a year, the response rate in patients increased further, with over 40% of patients achieving 80% or more scalp hair regrowth.

If you are struggling with the effects of Alopecia Areata, here is everything you need to know about ritlecitinib and how it could help you.

Firstly, what is Alopecia Areata?

Alopecia areata occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, resulting in patches of hair loss. The disease transpires independently of ethnicity, but can often be hereditary. Around 10-25% of patients have a family history of alopecia areata or other autoimmune conditions.

The condition can cause hair loss from any part of the body, but it most predominantly affects the head and face. Fortunately, with early treatment, alopecia areata can be reversed most of the times, though it requires patience. Approximately 80% of people with mild alopecia will experience hair regrowth within a year, even without treatment.

Treatment with ritlecitinib is suitable for people with extensive Alopecia.

How Does Ritlecitinib Work?

Ritlecitinib works by blocking the JAK/STAT pathway in the immune system. Specifically inhibiting enzymes called JAK3 and Tyrosine Kinase. This reduces and improves inflammation around the hair follicles, promoting hair regrowth.

How Do I Take Ritlecitinib?

Ritlecitinib is an oral medication developed by Pfizer. It should be taken as a daily tablet by mouth, with or without food. It is important not to chew, crush, or split the tablet; rather, take the dosage in its entirety with fluids to ensure proper ingestion.

What Makes Ritlecitinib Unique?

Ritlecitinib is the second approved medication for severe Alopecia Areata, following baricitinib. Here’s how it stands out:

Broader Age Range: Ritlecitinib is approved for patients aged 12 and older, making it suitable for adolescents, unlike baricitinib.
Targeted Mechanism: It blocks the JAK3 and Tyrosine Kinase enzymes, reducing inflammation and supporting hair follicle regrowth.
Promising Results: Clinical trials show that nearly 25% of patients achieved 80% or more scalp regrowth within 24 weeks, increasing to 40% after a year.

What Do Clinical Trials Say?

Clinical trials have demonstrated impressive results:

These outcomes make ritlecitinib a promising option for individuals struggling with severe Alopecia Areata.

How Does Ritlecitinib Compare to Baricitinib?

Feature

Ritlecitinib

Baricitinib

Age Eligibility

12 years and older

18 years and older

Mechanism

JAK3 and Tyrosine Kinase inhibition

General JAK inhibition

Approval Scope

Severe Alopecia Areata

Efficacy

40% achieve 80% hair regrowth

Similar efficacy in clinical trials

Side Effects

Increased risk of infections, rare thrombosis

Similar, with added liver enzyme risks

What Are the Possible Side Effects?

As ritlecitinib is a relatively new medication, the available data is based on studies conducted over the past 3 years. Based off conducted trials, it is known that side effects can include an increased risk of infections, particularly of the upper respiratory system. Rarely, ritlecitinib may cause blockage of blood vessels, known as thrombosis, and there is an unknown risk of malignancy. We recommend discussing these risks with your doctor before starting treatment.

Does Ritlecitinib Affect Fertility, Pregnancy, or Breastfeeding?

The impact and safety of ritlecitinib on fertility and pregnancy is not yet fully understood. If you become pregnant while taking ritlecitinib, notify your healthcare provider immediately. The medication stays in the body for only a few hours, so it is generally considered safe to discontinue it once pregnancy is confirmed.

Breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment, and the NHS advises abstaining from breastfeeding at least 14 hours after the last dose.

Can I Drink Alcohol While Taking Ritlecitinib?

Alcohol is not known to directly interact with ritlecitinib, however drinking can exacerbate certain side effects, such as headaches and dizziness. Your doctor may recommend limiting alcohol consumption while undergoing Litfulo treatment. Following NHS guidelines, it is safest to drink no more than 14 units of alcohol per week to minimize potential health risks.

What If I Have Mild Alopecia Areata?

As baricitinib ritlecitinib is only licensed for severe forms of Alopecia Areata, it is not suitable for patients with mild symptoms. However, other treatment options are available, and Dr. Anastasia and her team would be happy to discuss them with you. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

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Low-level laser therapy for hair loss: Everything you need to know

drmacli — Thu, 14 Mar 2024 23:52:34 +0000

Hair loss is not uncommon and can be triggered by a variety of factors, ranging from genetics, stress and childbirth, to menopause or as a side effect to some medications. It can be temporary or permanent, occur gradually or very suddenly, and can affect specific areas of your body, such as your scalp or beard, or your whole body.

Men are typically the most affected, and the most common hair disorder is male pattern hair loss, also known as androgenetic alopecia. This occurs increasingly with age; 16% of men aged 18-29 will experience this, compared to 53% of men aged 40-49. Up to 50% of women by age 70 can also experience androgenetic alopecia, commonly after childbirth or during menopause. [1]

One relatively new and effective treatment for hair loss is low level laser therapy. While light treatment and specifically blue light is often used to tackle acne or laser is used for some types of rosacea, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in particular, has been clinically proven to deliver significant improvements.

What is low‐level laser therapy?

Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) uses low-power red and infrared light lasers to stimulate cell function and increase hair regrowth [2]. It was first discovered in 1967, following a successful study which showed accelerated hair regrowth on mice after exposure to a low power laser.

It can be used on its own, or combined with other treatments, such as lotions, gel, tablets or injections, and has been proven to be effective in both men and women. Additionally, it can be used in at-home devices like combs, helmets and caps.

Helmets are often a popular choice as they are more convenient to use. You can wear them while watching TV, cooking or working at home. Combs typically are more cost-effective but require you to comb your hair thoroughly for approximately 15 minutes each time you use it, which can be time consuming.

It’s an ideal treatment for patients looking for non-invasive options. It is also safe for undergoing during pregnancy.

At-home devices can typically be used for six to 10 minutes a day, and some results can be seen in approximately 6 months.

What happens during a LLLT treatment?

If you’re using a comb for your LLLT treatment, as previously mentioned, you will need to comb your hair for 15 minutes each time in order to ensure maximum efficacy. A LLLT hair loss helmet on the other hand can be worn for about 5-7 minutes at a time.

How long does it take to see results?

Following an LLLT treatment, results can be seen in as little as five months, and treatment can take place daily with an at-home cap. There are some clinics that offer the treatment in clinic, however as the treatment needs to be undertaken frequently, helmets are preferable for patients.

LLLT can also be effective for patients suffering with dandruff and itchy scalps. [5]

How long do results last?

LLLT has proven success for hair regrowth androgenetic alopecia with repetitive treatment over a period of six months. Once a patient stops receiving treatment, hair loss will typically return to its initial state. The longer you use LLLT, the better the results will be and maintain.

Not all treatments for hair thinning are effective for everyone. A small percentage of patients may not see improvement after six months, and if so, should change and explore other hair loss treatments available.

Are there any side effects?

Side effects are very minimal and rare, with few reported across clinical studies.

For a small amount of patients, side effects can include acne, dryness, headaches and itchiness. [6]

What’s the downtime after a low‐level laser therapy treatment?

LLLT treatments are very safe, painless and don’t cause any damage to your hair or scalp. They can take as little as 15 minutes to complete and there is no downtime.

How much does it cost?

LLLT devices for hair loss cost approximately between £200 and £1,500.

At the Dr Anastasia Therianou clinic, we can offer a discount on the treatment cost, exclusively for patients undergoing LLLT.

Sources:
1,3,4,6.Nestor MS, Ablon G, Gade A, Han H, Fischer DL. Treatment options for androgenetic alopecia: Efficacy, side effects, compliance, financial considerations, and ethics. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Dec;20(12):3759-3781. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14537. Epub 2021 Nov 6. PMID: 34741573; PMCID: PMC9298335.
2. Pillai JK, Mysore V. Role of Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) in Androgenetic Alopecia. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct-Dec;14(4):385-391. doi: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_218_20. PMID: 35283601; PMCID: PMC8906269.
5. Qiu J, Yi Y, Jiang L, Miao Y, Jia J, Zou J, Hu Z. Efficacy assessment for low-level laser therapy in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: a real-world study on 1383 patients. Lasers Med Sci. 2022 Aug;37(6):2589-2594. doi: 10.1007/s10103-022-03520-4. Epub 2022 Feb 8. Erratum in: Lasers Med Sci. 2022 Mar 23;: PMID: 35133519; PMCID: PMC9343305.

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Unlock the Secret: How Baricitinib Could be the Game-Changer for Hair Loss Treatment

drmacli — Thu, 23 Mar 2023 15:43:12 +0000

It is thought that alopecia areata impacts one in 1000 people in the UK alone, and over seven million sufferers in the US, yet those with the condition might still find themselves desperately searching for answers and treatments for years. Many feel that the disease harms their confidence, their sense of self and their general mental health, and this often increases with the severity of the hair loss they experience.

So, if you’re struggling, you’re not alone, and the good news is that a new medication now means that treatment is much more accessible than ever before.

What is alopecia areata?

Alopecia areata is caused when the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles and causes patches of hair loss. The disease seems independent of ethnicity but can be hereditary, with a family history of Alopecia Areata and/or other autoimmune conditions present in around 10–25% of patients.

Hair can be lost from any part of the body, though alopecia areata predominantly affects the head and face. The good news is, that with early treatment, alopecia areata can be reversible. About 80 per cent of people with the condition, especially mild cases, find that their hair regrows without treatment within a year.

Dr. Anastasia Therianou is a Certified Consultant Dermatologist and hair disorders expert, so a consultation at her clinic is the best option if you are experiencing hair disorders. We help many patients daily with a variety of medical skin conditions in our dermatology clinic in Harley Street.

Treating alopecia areata with baricitinib

Baricitinib is a drug known as a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, which works by blocking the activity of pathways of inflammation involved in autoimmune diseases such as eczema, rheumatoid arthritis, and more recently, alopecia areata. It suppresses the immune system to prevent it from attacking the hair follicles and, though its impact is not immediate, most people start noticing the effects about two to eight weeks after they start taking the medication.

Full benefits can be expected between three to six months, so though it is not a quick fix, it is certainly one of – if not the most – effective treatments available today.

What forms of alopecia areata does baricitinib work for?

In June 2022, baricitinib was licensed to be used on moderate to severe forms of alopecia areata and is mainly prescribed to patients who have tried standard immunosuppressive treatments but have either seen little to know benefit from them or found they were intolerant to them.

How do I take baricitinib?

Baricitinib is a tablet taken by mouth once daily with or without food and at any time of the day, as advised by a professional. Your exact dosage (2mg or 4mg) will be dictated by your personal medical history, age and severity level of alopecia areata.

Does baricitinib impact fertility, pregnancy or breastfeeding?

It is medically advised not to take baricitinib if you are either pregnant or breastfeeding, and women who have the potential to conceive should ensure that they are using a contraception method with high efficacy during the entire course of treatment and for seven days after.

Currently, there is little research around baricitinib’s impact on fertility in humans, however studies on animals suggest that there is potential for the medication to slightly decrease fecundity.

What are the possible side effects?

Most patients tolerate it well with little or no side effects, however, common side effects can include infections of the upper respiratory system such as nasopharyngitis, or an infection of the skin known as herpes zoster, or urinary tract infection. Folliculitis or acne can also occur, as can thrombosis of the veins ( blood clots), especially in patients who are higher risk.

Monitoring of blood in patients is also necessary as anemia, increased muscle enzyme levels, increased fat levels in the blood can happen as a result of the medication. Finally, baricitinib, as with every other drug of the same group (JAK inhibitors), may increase the risk of lymphoma, however the studies available to date, are still too short to address this, and we will know more in the next few years.

Can I drink alcohol while taking baricitinib?

In short, yes you can. However, it is best to keep in line with NHS guidance, which states that to keep alcohol-related health concerns low, it is safest to drink no more than 14 units of alcohol per week (equivalent to 6 pints of average -strength beer or 10 small glasses of lower-strength wine).

What if I have mild signs of alopecia areata?

As baricitinib is only licensed for moderate to severe forms of the disease, those with mild cases are not suitable for this kind of treatment. However, there are other options available that Dr Anastasia and her team would be more than happy to discuss with you, you can contact them here.

Baricitinib has been approved for alopecia areata in USA, Europe and Japan since summer 2022, however the National Institute for Health Care and Excellence (NICE) in the UK, has recently outlined that they do not recommend baricitinib for routine commissioning on the NHS for treating severe alopecia areata in adults. Patients who decide to pay for baricitinib and not get it through the NHS service but through private sector, can still fulfil their prescriptions from online pharmacies at a discounted price.

See below some of our baricitinib cases

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